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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biochemistry. 2020 Jun 3;59(23):2122–2124. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00411

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Codons 3–5 and their amino acids act as a translational ramp in a sequence-dependent manner. Low-efficiency sequences are associated with ribosomal pausing at codon 4 or 5 and termination of protein synthesis. In contrast, AU-rich sequences and the specified dipeptides (inset) favor high efficiency, leading to processive translation through codons 3–5 and an increased level of full-length polypeptide synthesis.