KEY RESOURCES TABLE

REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Antibodies
Anti-Nrf2	Cell Signaling Technology	Cat#12721
Anti-glutamine synthetase	Abcam	Cat#ab16802
Alexa Fluor goat anti-rabbit 488	Thermo Fisher	Cat#A-11034
Alexa Fluor goat anti-mouse 555	Thermo Fisher	Cat#A32727
Anti-PCNA	Cell Signaling	Cat#2586
Bacterial and Virus Strains
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	ATCC	14917
Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. Plantarum	ATCC	53103
Escherechia coli K12 – DH5a	Neish Lab, Emory University	N/A
Bacillus cereus SJ1	Neish Lab, Emory University	N/A
Salmonella typhimurium 1344	Neish Lab, Emory University	NA
Lactobacillus rhamnosus HA114	R. Jones Lab, Emory University	N/A
Lactobacillus rhamnosus HA111	R. Jones Lab, Emory University	N/A
Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011	R. Jones Lab, Emory University	N/A
Lactobacillus paracasei HA196	R. Jones Lab, Emory University	N/A
Lactobacillus paracasei HA274	R. Jones Lab, Emory University	N/A
Lactococcus lactis subs. cremoris	R. Jones Lab, Emory University	N/A
Lactococcus lactis subs. cremoris	ATCC	19257
Lactococcus lactis subs. cremoris	ATCC	14365
Lactococcus lactis subs. cremoris	ATCC	11602
Biological Samples
Chemicals, Peptides, and Recombinant Proteins
Tissue-Tek OCT compound	Sakura Finetek USA	Cat#4583
2-[4-(Aminoiminomethyl)phenyl]-1H-Indole-6-carboximidamide hydrochloride (DAPI)	Tocris	Cat#5748
Bovine Serum Albumin	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#A2153
Methyl viologen dichloride hydrate (paraquat)	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#856177
Acetaminophen	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#A7085
Oil Red O	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#3125–12
Cis-4-Hydroxy-D-Proline	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#H5877
N-cinnamoylglycine	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#98956
L-ergotheionine	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#E7521
Pro-Leu	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#P1130
Indol-3-Lactic Acid	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#I5508
5-Methoxy-3-indole acetic Acid	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#M14935
Fluoroscein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran avg. MW 3–5 kDa	Sigma Aldrich	Cat#FD4
Critical Commercial Assays
iQ Sybr Green Supermix	Bio-rad	Cat#1708880
Infinity ALT (GPT) Liquid Stable Reagent	Thermo Scientific	Cat#TR71121
Glutathione Assay Kit	Cayman Chemical	Cat#703002
ONE-Step Luciferase Assay System	BPS Bioscience	Cat#60690–1
NE-PER Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents	Thermo Fisher	Cat#78833
Mouse specific HRP/DAB (ABC) Detection IHC	Abcam	Cat#ab64259
Deposited Data
RNAseq Data	Gene Expression Omnibus	GSE145012
Experimental Models: Cell Lines
Human: HepG2 ARE Reporter Cell Line	BPS Bioscience	Cat#60513
Human: HepG2	ATCC	HB-8065
Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains
GF mouse: C57Bl/6	R. Jones lab, Emory University	N/A
Drosophila melanogaster W1118	R. Jones lab, Emory University	N/A
Mouse: C57/Bl6J	Jackson Laboratories	000664
Drosophila melanogaster Gstd-GFP	R. Jones lab, Emory University	N/A
Drosophila melanogaster Yolk-Gal4	R. Jones lab, Emory University	N/A
Drosophila melanogaster cncCIR	R. Jones lab, Emory University	N/A
Mouse: B6.Cg-Speer6-ps1Tg(Alb-cre)21Mgn/J	Jackson Laboratories	JAX: 003574
Mouse: C57BL/6-Nfe2l2tm1.1 Mrl	Taconic	TAC: 13107
Oligonucleotides
Primers for RT-PCR analysis, see Table S1	This paper	N/A
Recombinant DNA
Software and Algorithms
MetaboAnalyist	Xia Lab, McGill University	https://www.metaboanalyst.ca
apLCMS/xMSanalyzer	Jones Lab, Emory University	http://web1.sph.emory.edu/apLCMS/
Mummichog	Jones Lab, Emory University	https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003123
DESeq2	Anders Lab, Harvard School of Public Health	http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/DESeq2.html
Ingenuity Pathway Analysis	QIAGEN Bioinformatics	https://digitalinsights.qiagen.com/products-overview/analysis-and-visualization/qiagen-ipa/
ImageJ	Open source	https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/download.html
Prism v. 7 and v. 8	Graphpad	https://www.graphpad.com
Other