| • The rich, cultural, geographic, and demographic diversity of the U.S. is underrepresented in U.S. biomedical research. |
| • Significant barriers impact representation of key populations. The biomedical research community must acknowledge and address them to ensure inclusivity. |
| • A lack of data collection for many key demographic characteristics and social determinants is a critical gap across the entirety of biomedical research. For example, educational attainment and many other socio-economic status factors have a robust relationship with overall mortality. Yet, these measures are almost completely absent from the research landscape. All of Us, and the biomedical research community at large, must address this. |
| • Sexual and gender minority measures, except for research exploring sexually transmitted disease, have mostly been ignored. Although a lack of measures does not necessarily suggested underrepresentation, disparities impacting these groups are understudied. To understand representation of these groups, All of Us and the biomedical research community must start asking about sexual orientation and gender identity. |
| • A guide for inclusion is necessary to ensure equity in research outcomes. The guide, however, must be viewed as a starting point, not a final product in understanding and addressing barriers that impact participation, can we position All of Us to better understand and tackle health disparities for all. |
