Table 3.

Associations Between Transformed (z-score)^¶ Predicted Usual Intake of AHEI Dietary Components and Dental Caries Experience (DMFS), Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, 2008–2011 (N = 14,517)

	Minimally adjusted*				Covariate-adjusted†				Fully adjusted‡)
	β-coefficient	95% CI		P value	β-coefficient	95% CI		P-value	β-coefficient	95% CI		P value
Transformed predicted usual intake¶
Vegetables without potatoes	−1.16	−1.74	−0.59	<0.001	−0.85	−1.39	−0.31	0.002	−0.74	−1.33	−0.16	0.013
Whole grains	−3.07	−3.71	−2.44	<0.001	−1.42	−2.15	−0.68	<0.001	−1.22	−1.95	−0.49	0.001
Long-chain (n-3) fats (EPA + DHA)	−0.72	−1.24	−0.20	0.007	−0.93	−1.46	−0.41	0.001	−0.73	−1.33	−0.13	0.017
Nuts and legumes	−0.65	−1.22	−0.08	0.025	−0.36	−0.91	0.19	0.195	−0.24	−0.79	0.32	0.400
Whole fruit	−0.66	−1.19	−0.13	0.015	−0.38	−0.92	0.15	0.160	−0.09	−0.66	0.49	0.768
Polyunsaturated fatty acids	−0.10	−0.56	0.37	0.687	−0.50	−0.99	−0.01	0.047	−0.34	−0.86	0.18	0.198
Transfat	0.11	−0.38	0.61	0.649	0.25	−0.31	0.81	0.380	−0.02	−0.60	0.55	0.941
Red/processed meat	1.71	0.98	2.43	<0.001	0.92	0.10	1.74	0.028	0.58	−0.34	1.51	0.218
Sugar-sweetened drinks/fruit juice	0.97	0.46	1.48	<0.001	1.06	0.55	1.56	<0.001	0.88	0.34	1.42	0.001
Sodium	0.83	0.17	1.49	0.014	0.13	−0.55	0.81	0.714	0.50	−0.38	1.38	0.265
Alcohol	0.04	−0.35	0.43	0.829	0.06	−0.34	0.45	0.784	0.02	−0.38	0.41	0.936

Dental caries experience is quantified as the sum of the number of decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces from 28 teeth assessed (third molars not examined).

AHEI, Alternative Healthy Eating Index; DMFS, decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces.

^*Estimates adjusted for field center, age, age squared, and sex.

^†Estimates additionally adjusted for Heritage group, income, education, health insurance, body mass index and waist-hip ratio.

^‡Estimates additionally adjusted for all the other dietary components.

^¶Predicted usual intake is standardized to have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of 1.