Table 4.
Paired analysis (before and after 35 days of creatine supplementation or placebo)
| Placebo | G3 | G5 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post 35 days | P * | Pre | Post 35 days | P * | Pre | Post 35 days | P * | |
| Serum albumin (g/dl) | 3.9 ± 1.1 | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 0.657 | 3.8 ± 1.3 | 3.6 ± 0.7 | 0.270 | 4 ± 0.8 | 4 ± 0.3 | 0.754 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.605 | 0.7 ± 0.12 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.025* | 0.9 ± 0.21 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.001* |
| Serum urea (mg/dl) | 21.3 ± 7.9 | 28 ± 7.8 | 0.338 | 24.6 ± 4.2 | 27 ± 9.6 | 0.467 | 27.1 ± 8.4 | 28.5 ± 10.2 | 0.386 |
| eGFR (ml/min 1.73 m2) | 128 ± 25 | 119 ± 21 | 0.055 | 121 ± 16 | 96 ± 14 | 0.010* | 124 ± 19 | 99 ± 12 | 0.025* |
| Proteinuria (mg/dl) | 3.2 ± 1.4 | 3 ± 1.5 | 0.690 | 2.9 ± 1.9 | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 0.767 | 3.8 ± 1.8 | 5.5 ± 4.4 | 0.231 |
| Proteinuria (mg/g-Cr) | 54.9 ± 42.8 | 39.4 ± 19.9 | 0.356 | 75.9 ± 78.1 | 43.2 ± 28.7 | 0.302 | 36.9 ± 23.1 | 45.1 ± 33.9 | 0.440 |
| Albuminuria (mg/l) | 6.9 ± 0.65 | 7.9 ± 0.61 | 0.283 | 6.6 ± 0.5 | 7.1 ± 0.6 | 0.093 | 6.1 ± 0.5 | 7.1 ± 0.3 | 0.210 |
| uKIM-1 (pg/ml) | 43 (22–157) | 68 (22–181) | 0.744 | 63 (26–140) | 84 (48–243) | 1.000 | 68 (20–169) | 130 (96–250) | 0.374 |
| uKIM-1 (pg/mg-Cr) | 85 (69–117) | 111 (29–166) | 0.479 | 117 (81–298) | 142 (84–171) | 0.173 | 87 (25–177) | 144 (68–188) | 0.173 |
| MCP-1 (pg/ml) | 55 (31–108) | 40 (0–96) | 0.369 | 35 (23–43) | 34 (14–57) | 0.441 | 42 (29–100) | 54 (21–105) | 0.767 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mg-Cr) | 69 (28–112) | 60 (0–77) | 0.466 | 94 (40–147) | 41 (23–57) | 0.069 | 52 (29–122) | 48 (20–74) | 0.484 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as median and interquartile range in parenthesis. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate using the CKD-EPI formula; uKIM-1, urinary kidney injury molecule-1; uMCP-1, urinary monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Paired t-test for normal data and Wilcoxon test for non-normaldata.
*Significant P < 0.05, after 35 days (post-intervention) vs. pre (baseline).