Table 1.

Existing methods for fluconazole quantification in human whole blood, plasma, and serum

	Method	Sample type	Sample volume (μL)	Sample preparation	LOQ (μg/mL)	Reference No.
1	LC-MS	Serum	25	No pretreatment	0.1	[9]
2	LC-MS	Plasma	50	LLE	0.0005	[10]
3	LC-MS	Plasma	50	PP	0.03	[11]
4	LC-UV	Serum	50	SPE	0.1	[12]
5	LC-UV	Plasma	50	SPE	0.2	[13]
6	LC-MS	Plasma	70	PP	0.01	[14]
7	LC-MS	Serum	75	PP	0.06	[15]
8	LC-MS	Plasma	100	PP	0.1	[16]
9	LC-MS	Plasma	100	PP	0.1	[17]
10	LC-MS	Plasma	100	PP	0.1	[18]
11	LC-MS	Serum	100	PP	0.2	[19]
12	LC-MS	Plasma	100	DBS	0.5	[20]
13	LC-MS	Serum	100	PP	0.5	[21]
14	LC-UV	Plasma	300	SPE	0.05	[22]
15	LC-UV	Whole blood	300	SPE	0.5	[23]
16	LC-UV	Plasma	500	LLE	0.4	[24]

The reported fluconazole determination method has a limit of quantification equal to or greater than 0.5 μg/mL

Abbreviations: LC liquid chromatography, MS mass-spectrometry, UV ultraviolet, PP protein precipitation, LLE liquid-liquid extraction, SPE solid phase extraction, DBS dried blood spot