FIGURE 3.

Schematic illustration of the transition spectrum in RPE cells. Common epithelial and mesenchymal cell features and key molecules are listed. RPE cells exhibit a well-differentiated epithelial phenotype that is characterized by integrated tight junctions, high polarization, and proper RPE signature gene expression. A mesenchymal-like phenotype exhibits cytoskeletal changes, a transcriptional shift, and an increased ability for migration. Potential mechanisms contributing to EMT in RPE cells include aging, loss of tight junctions, misfolded protein accumulation and inflammation.