Table 3.
Baseline: regional favoritism in the allocation of EIB loans
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VARIABLE | EIB Loan Dummy | Ln Loans | Loans / GDP | Loans / Tot. Loans | ||||
Work region dummy | 0.1457*** | 0.1768*** | 0.1712*** | 0.2064*** | 0.1776*** | -0.0256 | 0.9834*** | 0.6050** |
(0.0487) | (0.0462) | (0.0521) | (0.0762) | (0.0513) | (0.2533) | (0.3124) | (0.2786) | |
Ln population | 0.4608* | -0.3558 | 0.6064** | 1.4334 | -0.2290 | -0.5164 | ||
(0.2381) | (0.6956) | (0.2351) | (1.2371) | (1.0254) | (0.8516) | |||
Ln GDP | 0.1299 | -0.4264*** | 2.1337*** | 2.7845*** | ||||
(0.1337) | (0.1635) | (0.7535) | (0.5775) | |||||
Ln GDP p.c. t − 6 to t − 1 | 0.1204 | |||||||
(0.1228) | ||||||||
Hours worked per employee | 0.4395* | -0.2512 | 0.4527* | 0.1459 | -0.0700 | -2.1312* | ||
(0.2427) | (0.3430) | (0.2437) | (1.8445) | (1.0652) | (1.1477) | |||
Compensation per employee | 0.0009 | 0.0061 | 0.0016 | 0.0205 | -0.0523*** | -0.0305* | ||
(0.0045) | (0.0048) | (0.0045) | (0.0171) | (0.0192) | (0.0168) | |||
Ln gross fixed capital formation | -0.0794 | 0.1253 | -0.0755 | 0.1262 | 1.4807*** | 0.7588*** | ||
(0.0511) | (0.0822) | (0.0532) | (0.3782) | (0.2297) | (0.2746) | |||
Observations | 16,530 | 7,540 | 6,642 | 6,642 | 6,581 | 2,782 | 6,442 | 6,442 |
R-squared | 0.3844 | 0.2557 | 0.2540 | 0.3268 | 0.2526 | 0.2992 | 0.1910 | 0.4429 |
Number of regions | 290 | 290 | 266 | 266 | 266 | 258 | 258 | 258 |
Mean of dependent variable | .25 | .39 | .42 | .42 | .42 | 4.18 | .0017 | .0039 |
*** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1. The table presents results for the estimation of the model in equation 1. Standard errors are in parentheses and clustered on the level of NUTS 2 regions. The sample start year is 1990 for all regressions except column 1, where it is 1959. The method in all columns is OLS except for columns 7 and 8, which use PPML. Region fixed effects are included in all regressions. Country-year fixed effects are in included in all columns except 7 and 8, where only year fixed effects are included. Column 4 includes a region-specific time trend. Given the dependent variables, columns 1 to 5 analyze the extensive margin, column 6 the intensive margin, and columns 7 and 8 combine the intensive and extensive margin