Table 7.

Summary of contribution of pet ownership within last 10 years (10), regular contact with a pet (PC), dog ownership within the last 10 years (DO10), and dog walking (DW) to measures of successful aging in bivariate analysis and controlling for age.

Predictor		PO10		PC		DO10		DW
Health Outcome	Model	PO10 p	Age p	PC p	Age p	DO10 p	Age p	DW p	Age p
Disease/disability
Physical wellness	PET	0.025	N/A	0.074	N/A	0.139	N/A	0.400	N/A
	PET, age	0.125	0.017	0.190	0.010	0.387	0.009	0.327	0.121
Cognitive function
Verbal learning/memory	PET	0.0002	N/A	0.0003	N/A	0.005	N/A	0.472	N/A
	PET, age	0.035	<0.0001	0.006	<0.0001	0.136	<0.0001	0.432	0.262
Visual perception	PET	0.002	N/A	0.0005	N/A	0.020	N/A	0.332	N/A
	PET, age	0.206	<0.0001	0.006	<0.0001	0.357	<0.0001	0.152	0.008
Physical function
Rapid gait speed	PET	0.0001	N/A	0.0035	N/A	<0.0001	N/A	0.319	N/A
	PET, age	0.068	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.108	0.035	<0.0001	0.462	0.002
Daily energy expenditure (Kcal)	PET	0.004	N/A	0.148	N/A	0.0003	N/A	0.435	N/A
	PET, age	0.236	<0.0001	0.457	<0.0001	0.077	<0.0001	0.352	0.0002
Psychological adaptation
Psychological well-being	PET	0.4032	N/A	0.070	N/A	0.340	N/A	0.334	N/A
	PET, age	0.376	0.083	0.119	0.112	0.155	0.060	0.354	0.406
Depression	PET	0.471	N/A	0.310	N/A	0.251	N/A	0.421	N/A
	PET, age	0.277	0.022	0.422	0.028	0.390	0.030	0.458	0.388
Anxiety	PET	0.056	N/A	0.065	N/A	0.197	N/A	0.336	N/A
	PET, age	0.171	0.119	0.120	0.091	0.427	0.084	0.270	0.178
Happiness	PET	0.177	N/A	0.088	N/A	0.067	N/A	0.122	N/A
	PET, age	0.142	0.0018	0.099	0.002	0.0344	0.0012	0.1005	0.382

PET, the specific pet ownership variable as defined in the column heading; age,age decade; PO10, pet ownership within the last decade; PC, pet ownership within the past 10 years or regular contact with a pet; DO10, dog ownership within the past 10 years; DW, walks dog (for current dog owners only). Scales, Physical Well-being, Short Form-12 Physical Component Score (SF-12 PCS); Verbal learning/memory, California Verbal Learning Test total correct answers; Visual perception, Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale- Revised Digit Symbol Substitution Test total score; Psychological well-being, Short Form-12 Mental Component Score (SF-12 MCS); Depression, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score; Anxiety, Perceived Stress Scale total score; Happiness, single item (1-10). p's are 1-tailed, bold indicates p < 0.05.