| Pleural effusion |
Spontaneous pneumothorax |
Pulmonary surgery |
| Unexplained pleural effusion |
Lung cancer staging |
Lung biopsy |
| Lung cancer staging |
Pleurodesis (talc spray) |
Pulmonary lobectomy |
| Diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma staging |
Empyema (phase I or phase II) |
Pneumonectomy |
| Pleurodesis (talc or other hardener) |
Drainage |
Decortication |
|
Diffuse pulmonary disease, local lesions, chest wall, diaphragmatic lesions |
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery |
|
|
Pleural surgery |
|
|
Pleurectomy (pneumothorax) |
|
|
Drainage or decortication (phase III of empyema) |
|
|
Esophageal surgery |
|
|
Cyst and benign tumors excision |
|
|
Esophagectomy, anti-reflux operation and mediastinal surgery |
|
|
Mediastinal tumor resection |
|
|
Lung conduit ligation |
|
|
Partial pericardial excision |
|
|
Sympathectomy |
