. 2020 Jun 18;18(3):162–167. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2020.06.002

Table 1.

Characteristics of the study participants (n = 93).

Variables	2014	2017	$Δ %$	p-value
Age (years)^a	13.5 ± 0.80	16.5 ± 0.80	22.3	<0.001∗∗
Weight (kg)^a	53.6 ± 12.5	60.3 ± 12.2	11.6	<0.001∗∗
Height (cm)^a	160.7 ± 8.4	166.4 ± 9.2	0.70	<0.001∗∗
Physical Fitness Measures
Flexibility (cm)^a	17.7 ± 6.4	19.6 ± 7.5	10.3	<0.05∗
S/E abdomen (rpm)^b	16.5(9.0–27.7)	23.0(14.0–36.5)	102.1	<0.001∗∗
S/E upper limb (rpm)^b	0.00 (0.00–1,0)	6.0 (0.00–12.0)	0.00	<0.001∗∗
$\dot{V}$ O_2max (ml/kg/min)^b	37.6 (35.0–41.1)	34.9 (31.8–39.9)	−7.5	<0.001∗∗
BMI^b	19.5 (18.0–23.1)	21.0 (19.5–24.2)	7.8	<0.001∗∗
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
WC (cm)^a	67.8 ± 10.4	71.9 ± 9.2	7.1	<0.001∗∗
SBP (mmHg)^b	100.0 (100.0–110.0)	100.0 (100.0–110.0)	0.00	0.36
DBP (mmHg)^b	65.0 (60.0–70.0)	80.0 (70.0–80.0)	16.7	<0.001∗∗
Triglycerides (mg/dL)^b	81.7 (76.6–85.7)	66.4 (51.4–93.6)	−14.1	<0.05∗
HDL-C (mg/dL)^a	52.8 ± 11.5	56.4 ± 10.7	9.6	<0.001∗∗
Blood glucose (mg/dL)^b	80.5 (77.1–85.1)	80.8 (78.3–85.4)	0.60	0.98

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; $\dot{V}$ O_2max: maximum oxygen consumption; S/E: strength and endurance; HDL: high density lipoprotein; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; rpm: repetitions per minute; WC: waist circumference.

∗ p < 0,05; ∗∗p < 0,001.

Parametric data: mean ± standard deviation.

Non-parametric data: median (interquartile range).