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. 2020 Jun 29;6(6):e04329. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04329

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Directional mixed topography parallel and perpendicular to flat over 72 h of EC culture. a. ECs dTomato + on mixed directional topography perpendicular to the flat. Dotted line shows the interface between the directional topography and the flat area. Black arrow shows the directionality of the directional topography. White arrow shows an aggregate that has reached the topography and is in train to disintegrate. b. ECs dTomato + on mixed directional topography parallel to the flat. Dotted line shows the interface between the directional topography and the flat area. Black arrow shows the directionality of the directional topography c. ECs dTomato + on PDMS flat control. Culture hours are depicted on top and bottom of the micrographs. Montage of micrographs were resulted from the videos and a zoom-in area as depicted on the image after 72 h of cell culture. Scale bars are 500 μm. d. Number of aggregates quantified on the three different surfaces, flat PDMS, mixed directional topography parallel and perpendicular to the flat area on top of the flat parts, after 10, 20 and 40 h of cell culture. The number of aggregates was obtained from three independent experiments, each number is provided as a separate data point as well as the average (line) and it depicts the number of aggregates visible at the specific time-point as indicated. Significantly higher number of aggregates on the flat surface (One-way ANOVA p = 0.0083) in comparison with the mixed surfaces (Tukey comparison test perpendicular p = 0.0294, parallel p = 0.0082), combined populations at different time points were taken and flat compared to parallel and perpendicular. e. Surface area of aggregates on the three different surfaces, flat PDMS, mixed directional topography parallel and perpendicular to the flat area, after 10, 20 and 40 h of cell culture. Surface area was significantly larger on the flat surface (One-way-ANOVA p = 0.0194) in comparison with the mixed directional topography parallel to flat (Tukey comparison test parallel p = 0.0160), combined populations at different time points were taken and flat compared to parallel and perpendicular.