Table 1.
Preoperative demographic and clinical characteristics according to whether osteoporosis was primary or glucocorticoid-induced
| Total | Primary | GIOP | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases, n | 159 | 132 | 27 | – |
| Age at time of surgery (years) | 75.6 ± 6.7 | 76.6 ± 6.4 | 71.0 ± 6.1 | 0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 136 (85.5%) | 111 (84.1%) | 25 (92.6%) | 0.37 |
| BMI | 22.3 ± 5.1 | 22.4 ± 4.7 | 22.3 ± 6.4 | 0.92 |
| Smoking history (yes/no) | 20 (12.6%) | 19 (14.4%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0.20 |
| Number of previous vertebral fracture | 0.5 ± 0.9 | 0.4 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 0.20 |
| Number of new vertebral fracture | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.79 |
| Time from injury to surgery (days) | 173 ± 240 | 169 ± 251 | 192 ± 184 | 0.65 |
| BMD (YAM%) | 71.0 ± 16.1 | 70.4 ± 14.5 | 73.5 ± 16.4 | 0.55 |
| Preoperative use of osteoporosis medication | 71 (44.7%) | 49 (37.1%) | 22 (81.5%) | < 0.001 |
| BP | 55 (34.6%) | 41 (31.1%) | 14 (51.9%) | 0.047 |
| Vit D | 14 (8.8%) | 7 (5.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | 0.003 |
| TP | 7 (4.4%) | 4 (3.0%) | 3 (11.1%) | 0.10 |
| Number of fixed level | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 0.53 |
| Preoperative JOA score | 4.2 ± 3.4 | 4.3 ± 3.3 | 3.4 ± 3.9 | 0.27 |
| Preoperative VAS (back pain) | 71.5 ± 24.4 | 70.7 ± 24.3 | 75.3 ± 24.9 | 0.39 |
| Preoperative VAS (leg pain or numbness) | 55.0 ± 31.7 | 55.0 ± 31.9 | 54.7 ± 31.5 | 0.696 |
GIOP glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, BMI body mass index, BMD bone mineral density, YAM young adult mean, BP bisphosphonate, Vit D vitamin D, TP teriparatide, JOA Japan Orthopaedic Association, VAS visual analogue scale