Table 1. Clinical and demographic characteristics.
| Characteristic | Individuals aged in their 50s (n = 30) | Individuals aged in their 60s (n = 30) | Individuals aged in their 70s (n = 30) | Individuals with PD (n = 26) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male/female, n) | 15/15 | 16/14 | 15/15 | 11/15 |
| Age (years) | 54.0 ± 3.0 | 64.5 ± 2.9 | 72.5 ± 2.2 | 66.4 ± 7.3 |
| Height (cm) | 163.6 ± 8.6 | 160.6 ± 9.5 | 157.6 ± 8.1 | 158.0 ± 9.0 |
| Body mass (kg) | 66.7 ± 12.1 | 64.5 ± 12.0 | 63.2 ± 12.4 | 63.2 ± 10.0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 2.9 | 24.8 ± 3.3 | 26.2 ± 4.7 | 25.3 ± 3.3 |
| UPDRS total (score) | – | – | – | 65.4 ± 15.9 |
| UPDRS part III (score) | – | – | – | 7.6 ± 3.3 |
| H&Y stage | – | – | – | 2.3 ± 0.4 |
| MMSE score | – | – | – | 27.6 ± 2.2 |
| Duration of disease (years) | – | – | – | 5.9 ± 3.0 |
| Levodopa dose (mg) | – | – | – | 634.8 ± 285.3 |
Note:
Data are presented as means ± standard deviations. n, number; cm, centimeter; m, meter; kg, kilogram; mg, milligram; BMI, body mass index; H&Y, Hoehn and Yahr; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; PD, Parkinson’s disease; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; 50s, 50–59 years; 60s, 60–69 years; 70s, 70–79 years.