Table 1. Review of cases of HCC with Tumor Thrombus to the Right Atrium.

Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; TACE, trans-arterial chemoembolization; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.

Citation #	First Author	Article	Year	Etiology	Initial Symptoms	Intervention
[3]	Steinberg	Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with subtotal occlusion of the inferior vena cava and a right atrial mass	2013	Unknown	Generalized edema	Palliative care
[5]	Lourenço	Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with Budd-Chiari syndrome, right atrial thrombus and pulmonary emboli.	2017	HCV	Right upper quadrant pain, dyspnea, abdominal distension	Palliative care
[6]	Numan	Hepatocellular carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending from the portal vein to the right atrium.	2019	HCV	Melena	Palliative care
[7]	Albakr	A large right atrial mass in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma: Case report and literature review.	2014	HBV	Cachexia	Sorafenib for two months with poor tolerance
[8]	Huang	Hepatocellular carcinoma with inferior vena caval and right atrial tumor thrombi and massive pulmonary artery embolism: A case report.	2016	HBV	Dyspnea	Palliative care
[9]	Sempokuya	Right atrium invasion of tumor thrombus from hepatocellular carcinoma incidentally found on transthoracic echocardiogram.	2018	Autoimmune hepatitis	Cachexia, abdominal distension, dyspnea and edema	Sorafenib, TACE, and radiofrequency ablation, for HCC, however, did not receive further intervention once tumor thrombus was diagnosed.