Table 5. Association between TMA/Wt and increased IR according to BMI categorization in men.

BMI	No. of participants	No. (%) of cases	OR (95% CI)
			Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
BMI <25 kg/m2
Upper tertile	227	12 (5.3)	1.00	1.00	1.00
Middle tertile	228	32 (14.0)	2.93 (1.46–5.85)	2.58 (1.26–5.28)	1.84 (0.88–3.84)
Lower tertile	227	36 (15.9)	3.38 (1.70–6.70)	3.15 (1.57–6.34)	1.59 (0.75–3.40)
Per 10 cm2/kg lower	682	80 (11.7)	1.10 (1.04–1.17)	1.10 (1.03–1.16)	1.02 (0.95–1.09)
BMI ≥25 kg/m2
Upper tertile	194	52 (26.8)	1.00	1.00	1.00
Middle tertile	194	71 (36.6)	1.59 (1.03–2.45)	1.54 (0.98–2.43)	1.08 (0.66–1.74)
Lower tertile	193	113 (58.6)	3.89 (2.53–5.97)	3.73 (2.39–5.85)	2.31 (1.42–3.74)
Per 10 cm2/kg lower	581	236 (40.6)	1.16 (1.11–1.21)	1.15 (1.10–1.20)	1.09 (1.03–1.15)

Model 1, adjusted for age; Model 2: adjusted for variables in Model 1 plus systolic blood pressure, triglyceride level, smoking, alcohol intake, regular exercise, and sleep duration; Model 3, adjusted for variables in Model 2 plus visceral fat.

TMA, thigh muscle area; Wt, weight; IR, insulin resistance; BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.