Table 5. Association between higher BP and risk of incident T2DM after excluding participants with self-reported hypertension in the CHARLS participants (n=7,609).
| Group | No. at risk | T2DM case | OR (95% CI) | P for trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||
| Overall | 7,609 | 267 (3.51) | 0.002 | ||
| Normal BP | 3,265 | 84 (2.57) | 1 | 1 | |
| Prehypertension | 2,799 | 105 (3.75) | 1.51 (1.13–2.02) | 1.31 (0.97–1.76) | |
| Hypertension | 1,545 | 78 (5.05) | 2.00 (1.44–2.76) | 1.68 (1.21–2.34) | |
| Systolic BP (10 mm Hg) | - | - | 1.14 (1.07–1.21) | 1.10 (1.03–1.17) | 0.005 |
| Diastolic BP (5 mm Hg) | - | - | 1.10 (1.04–1.16) | 1.06 (1.00–1.12) | 0.057 |
Values are presented as number (%). Model 1: Adjusted for age (continuous, year), sex (male and female) and education level (illiterate, primary/middle school, and high school or above); Model 2: Adjusted for age (continuous, year), sex (male and female), education level (illiterate, primary/middle school, and high school or above), residence (rural and urban), smoking status (never smoker, former smoker and current smoker), alcohol consumption (never drinker and former/current drinker), body mass index (continuous, kg/m2), waist circumference (continuous, cm), and dyslipidemia (yes and no).
BP, blood pressure; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; CHARLS, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.