FIGURE 1.

Changes in the brain and cognition occurring during adolescence which may influence cyberbullying behaviors. Black text represents changes and patterns to the brain and to cognition that occur during adolescence. The gray text represents aspects of cyberbullying associated with each of these four major factors discussed throughout this article. Furthermore, the associations between each factor and cyberbullying are represented as bi-directional in the figure, however, further research (in particular, longitudinal) needs to determine the nature and direction of relationships. Please note that all factors are significantly influenced by age and gender, as discussed throughout the article, however, these are not outlined in detail here for ease of interpretation of the figure.