Table 1. Study Characteristics.
| Source | Study type | Country | Setting | Patients, No. | Outcomes assessed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conroy et al,24 2014 | Retrospective before and after | US | ED | 187 | Mortality and FPS |
| Corl et al,25 2018 | Prospective before and after | US | ICU | 275 | Mortality, FPS, hypoxia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, EI, and hospital LOS |
| Fogg et al,26 2016 | Prospective before and after | Australia | ED | 655 | FPS, hypoxia, hypotension, cardiac arrest, and EI |
| Hatch et al,27 2016 | Retrospective before and after | US | Neonatal ICU | 509 | Mortality, hypoxia, TTI, hypotension, cardiac arrest, and EI |
| Janz et al,28 2018 | Randomized clinical trial | US | ICU | 262 | Mortality, FPS, hypoxia, TTI, hypotension, cardiac arrest, and EI |
| Kerrey et al,29 2015 | Prospective before and after | US | Pediatric ED | 189 | Hypoxia |
| Lewis et al,1 2018 | Prospective case series | South Africa | ED and prehospital | 41 | FPS |
| Long et al,30 2017 | Prospective before and after | Australia | Pediatric ED | 117 | FPS, hypoxia, and hypotension |
| Powell et al,31 2018 | Prospective case series | New Zealand | ED | 23 | FPS |
| Smith et al,32 2015 | Prospective before and after | US | ED | 141 | FPS, hypoxia, hypotension, TTI, cardiac arrest, and EI |
| Szucs et al,33 2019 | Prospective before and after | Hungary | ICU and OR | 862 | Mortality, FPS, hypoxia, hypotension, and cardiac arrest |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; EI, esophageal intubation; FPS, first-pass success; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; OR, operating room; TTI, time to intubation.