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. 2020 Jun;8(12):795. doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.04.10

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2020 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Time-varying elastance model. Time-varying elastance or E(t) curves obtained from the simultaneous measurements of left ventricular pressure and volume in an experimental animal submitted to changes in contractility with dobutamine (blue curve) and esmolol (red curve). Elastance increases during systole until reaching a maximal value (E_max) at the end of the systole. Changes in contractility affect not only the amplitude but also the time to reach E_max: the better the contractility, the higher the magnitude and the sooner the E_max.