Table 5. Forward Stepwise Multivariate Analysis of the Association of Indoor PM10 With Dry Eye Metricsa.
| Variable | OSDI | Dry eye signs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflammation | Schirmer score | Meibomian gland dropout | ||
| PM10, μg/m3b | 1.17 (0.43 to 1.90)c | 0.05 (0.01 to 0.08)c | −0.29 (−0.55 to −0.02)d | 0.05 (0.00 to 0.09)d |
| Depression | 11.38 (1.35 to 21.41)d | NA | NA | NA |
| Arthritis | 14.69 (5.19 to 24.20)c | NA | NA | NA |
| Weight | NA | 0.01 (0 to 0.01)d | NA | NA |
| Age | NA | 0.03 (0.01 to 0.05)c | NA | 0.03 (0 to 0.05)d |
| Hypercholesteremia | NA | NA | −3.64 (−7.03 to −0.26)d | NA |
| Constant | 4.62 (−6.62 to 15.86) | −1.93 (−3.68 to −0.18)d | 17.92 (14.43 to 21.41)c | −0.44 (−2.02 to 1.14) |
| No. of observations | 70 | 71 | 71 | 71 |
| Total variability explained, R2 | 0.29 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.13 |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; OSDI, Ocular Surface Disease Index; PM10, airborne particulate matter of 10.0 μm or less in aerodynamic diameter.
a
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as β regression coefficient (95% CI).
b
PM10 = PM10 instrumented on RH [relative humidity] = β × RH.
c
P < .01, not adjusted for multiple analyses.
d
P < .05, not adjusted for multiple analyses.