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. 2020 Jun 26;11:942. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00942

Table 4.

Characteristics of vaccine and non-vaccine trials.

Variable Subgroup Vaccine Non-vaccine χ2/Fisher P value
(N=111) (N=27)
Year 2.803* 0.421
Prior to 2007 17 (15.3%) 6 (22.2%)
2007–2012 43 (38.7%) 7 (25.9%)
2012–2017 37 (33.3%) 12 (44.4%)
2017–now 14 (12.6%) 2 (7.4%)
Status 3.456* 0.751
Active, not recruiting 11 (9.9%) 2 (7.4%)
Completed 85 (76.6%) 20 (74.1%)
Recruiting 6 (5.4%) 2 (7.4%)
Suspended 1 (0.9%) 0 (0.0%)
Terminated 2 (1.8%) 1 (3.7%)
Unknown status 5 (4.5%) 1 (3.7%)
Withdrawn 1 (0.9%) 1 (3.7%)
Study results 6.670 0.011
Has results 41 (36.9%) 3 (11.1%)
No results available 70 (63.1%) 24 (88.9%)
Lead sponsor 24.400* <0.001
University 10 (9.0%) 10 (37.0%)
Hospital 7 (6.3%) 7 (25.9%)
Industry 84 (75.7%) 8 (29.6%)
Other 10 (9.0%) 2 (7.4%)
Funded by 22.864* <0.001
Industry 79 (71.2%) 7 (25.9%)
NIH 6 (5.4%) 0 (0.0%)
Other 26 (23.4%) 20 (74.1%)
Locations 7.695* 0.078
Asia 15 (13.5%) 1 (3.7%)
Europe 33 (29.7%) 9 (33.3%)
North America 59 (53.2%) 14 (51.9%)
Oceania 4 (3.6%) 1 (3.7%)
South America 0 (0.0%) 2 (7.4%)
Microbial etiology 32.107* <0.001
Viral 87 (78.4%) 11 (40.7%)
Bacterial 24 (21.6%) 7 (25.9%)
Parasite 0 (0.0%) 1 (3.7%)
Unknown 0 (0.0%) 8 (29.6%)

*Fisher exact test.