Table 1.
Characteristics of thePatients with IMID and concomitant COVID-19 (n = 41).
| Age at diagnosis of COVID-19 | 48 (31.0−57.5) |
|---|---|
| Female | 24 (59) |
| Region | |
| Lombardy | 29 (71) |
| Other | 12 (29) |
| IMID diagnosis | |
| Ulcerative colitis | 12 (29) |
| Crohn’s disease | 9 (22) |
| Psoriasis | 8 (20) |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 4 (10) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 5 (12) |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 1 (2.0) |
| Systemic sclerosis | 1 (2.0) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 1 (2.0) |
| Long-term medications | |
| Any immunosuppressants | 10 (24) |
| Prednisone | 7 (17) |
| Azathioprine | 1 (2.0) |
| Methotrexate | 6 (15) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 3 (7.0) |
| Any biologic therapy | 28 (68) |
| Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors | 13 (32) |
| Adalimumab | 10 (24) |
| Infliximab | 2 (4) |
| Etanercept | 1 (2) |
| Interleukin-12/23 blocker (Ustekinumab) | 6 (15) |
| Interleukin-23 blockers | 2 (5.0) |
| Guselkumab | 1 (2) |
| Risankizumab | 1 (2) |
| Interleukin-17 blocker (Ixekizumab) | 2 (5.0) |
| Rituximab | 1 (2.0) |
| Belimumab | 1 (2.0) |
| Vedolizumab | 1 (2.0) |
| Baricitinib | 1 (2.0) |
| Apremilast | 1 (2.0) |
| Clinical trial partecipants | 2 (5.0) |
| Exposure risk | |
| High risk work* | 9 (22) |
| Contact with confirmed or suspected COVID patients | 23 (58) |
| No strict adherence to oprevention measures | 23 (56) |
| In- out-patient visits (within 14 days from COVID infection) | 9 (23) |
| Smoking | |
| Past | 10 (24) |
| Active | 3 (7.0) |
| Comorbidities | 13 (32) |
| Hypertension | 3 (7.0) |
| Metabolic disorders § | 6 (15) |
| Chronic lung diseases | 2 (5.0) |
| Malignancy §§ | 2 (5.0) |
| Positive rhinopharyngeal swabs | 25 (61) |
| COVID-related symptoms | 41 (100) |
| Gastro-intestinal symptoms | 16 (39) |
| COVID-related pneumonia | 16 (40) |
| Discontinuation of IMID therapy | 24 (59) |
| Hospitalization | 14 (34) |
| Use of supplementary oxigen | 10 (24) |
| Intensive Care Unit | 0 (0.0) |
| Death | 1 (2.0) |
IMID Immuno-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases; Data are presented as medians (interquartile range) or percentages when appropriate.
*
8 health workers, 1 police officer.
§
Metabolic disorders include diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome.
§§
1 renal carcinoma, 1 prostate cancer.