Table 1.
Baseline participant characteristics by quartile of percentage of total lean body mass among mena
| All | Percentage of Lean Body Mass Quartile 1 (43.6%-62.8%) | Percentage of Lean Body Mass Quartile 2 (62.9%-67.7%) | Percentage of Lean Body Mass Quartile 3 (67.9%-72.8%) | Percentage of Lean Body Mass Quartile 4 (72.8%-91.5%) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 871 | 173 | 206 | 224 | 268 | |
| Mean age at baseline (years) | 60.6 (17.1) | 63.7 (14.6) | 62.5 (16.0) | 62.1 (15.9) | 55.8 (19.3) | <0.0001 |
| Race (% AA) | 17.7 | 17.3 | 19.9 | 17.0 | 16.8 | 0.82 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5 (4.5) | 30.6 (3.6) | 27.8 (2.6) | 26.0 (2.3) | 23.6 (2.1) | <0.0001 |
| Mean height (cm) | 175.8 (7.0) | 175.5 (7.1) | 175.8 (7.4) | 175.8 (6.6) | 175.6 (7.1) | 0.73 |
| Mean weight (kg) | 82.3 (12.7) | 94.1 (12.5) | 86.2 (11.0) | 80.4 (9.7) | 73.3 (8.2) | <0.0001 |
| Mean total lean mass (kg) | 56.4 (6.6) | 55.4 (6.7) | 56.3 (7.1) | 56.5 (6.7) | 57.2 (6.1) | 0.06 |
| Mean total fat mass (kg) | 22.8 (8.5) | 34.0 (6.9) | 26.6 (3.8) | 21.1 (3.3) | 14.0 (3.8) | <0.0001 |
| % Incident diabetes | 7.6 | 8.7 | 13.1 | 5.8 | 4.1 | 0.002 |
| Median follow-up time (years, range) | 6 (1, 14) | 9 (2, 16) | 7 (1, 15) | 6 (1, 13) | 4.5 (1, 12) | 0.24 |
| Incidence rate of diabetes per 1000 person-years | 9.1 | 12.2 | 16.2 | 6.4 | 4.8 | 0.02 |
| Mean number of visits | 2.9 (2.1) | 2.7 (2.2) | 2.8 (1.9) | 3.0 (2.0) | 2.9 (2.1) | 0.50 |
| Knee extensor strength (Nm)b | 138.6 (45.7) | 134.3 (50.1) | 137.2 (44.0) | 141.2 (42.6) | 142.0 (46.1) | 0.76 |
| Leg lean mass (Right, kg) | 9.4 (1.4) | 9.3 (1.4) | 9.5 (1.5) | 9.3 (1.2) | 9.5 (1.3) | 0.71 |
| Knee extensor strength/leg lean mass (muscle quality; Nm/kg)b | 14.6 (4.1) | 14.3 (4.7) | 14.6 (4.1) | 15.0 (4.1) | 14.7(3.7) | 0.39 |
| Mean A1C (%)c | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.6 (0.5) | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.7 (0.5) | 5.4 (0.4) | 0.005 |
| Mean fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 97.2 (9.5) | 99.6 (8.7) | 97.9 (9.8) | 97.7 (9.4) | 94.6 (9.3) | 0.0002 |
| Mean 2-hour plasma glucose (mg/dL)d | 127.2 (38.5) | 139.1 (36.0) | 126.4 (34.8) | 133.0 (40.7) | 114.5 (37.8) | <0.0001 |
| Prediabetes (%) | 47 | 61 | 55 | 45 | 34 | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: A1C, hemoglobin A1c; AA, African American; BMI, body mass index; DXA, dual x-ray absorptiometry; IQR, interquartile range; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; SD, standard deviation.
aQuartile ranges are defined based on DXA measures available at all visits. Mean (SD) shown unless otherwise indicated.
bn = 224 men with knee extensor strength assessed at their baseline visit.
cn = 237 men with A1C measured at their baseline visit.
dn = 603 men with 2-hour plasma glucose measured during OGTT at their baseline visit.