Table 3.

Contribution of Polypharmacy and Clinical Variables to Frailty Syndrome Condition

Logistic Regressions
Not-Adjusted Logistic Regression
Variables		Frail vs Non-Frail
		OR (95% CI)	p-value
Polypharmacy condition (include hyperpolypharmacy)		2.197 (1.684–2.867)	<0.0001
Cognitive impairment		7.937 (5.221–12.094)	<0.0001
Obesity		1.485 (1.139–1.937)	0.004
Nutritional risk		3.882 (2.678–5.595)	<0.0001
Current smoker		1.008 (0.605–1.681)	0.975
Depression		2.555 (1.811–3.606)	<0.0001
Hypertension		1.698 (1.232–2.339)	0.001
Type 2 diabetes		1.477 (1.128–1.932)	0.004
Respiratory disease		1.901 (1.297–2.785)	0.001
Multiple Adjusted Logistic Regression
Co-Variables	Tolerance	VIF		OR (IC 95%)
Polypharmacy condition (include hyperpolypharmacy)	0.726	1.378		1.510 (1.081–2.108)*
Cognitive impairment	0.940	1.064		3.887 (2.810–5.376)***
Obesity	0.959	1.043		1.560 (1.160–2.099)**
Nutritional risk	0.789	1.267		2.590 (1.856–3.614)***
Depression	0.787	1.270		1.189 (0.780–1.813)
Hypertension	0.850	1.177		1.239 (0.854–1.797)
Type 2 diabetes	0.860	1.163		1.195 (0.872–1.638)

Notes: The bold text indicates a statistical significant difference between groups. The regression model was performed using frailty syndrome (frail vs non-frail as reference) as a dependent variable and clinical conditions as independent variables. Variables were selected according to their significance in the univariate model and the model was also adjusted for sex and age. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; VIF, variance inflation factor.