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. 2020 Jun 23;9:e53908. doi: 10.7554/eLife.53908

Figure 8. Ankle kinematics in guinea fowl with intact and reinnervated lateral gastrocnemius (LG).

Figure 8.

(A) Example ankle joint angle trajectories for a bird with intact LG (blue, top) and a bird with reinnervated LG (orange, below), running in obstacle terrain (solid lines) with level terrain (grey dashed lines). (B) Pairwise mean differences (mean ±95% ci) between intact and reinnervated treatment cohorts (grey), and obstacle stride categories compared to level terrain within each treatment cohort (intact: blue, reinnervated: orange). In obstacle strides (S 0, shaded box), the ankle is more flexed at foot contact in reinnervated compared to intact birds. Reinnervated birds show a shorter stride period in S −1, preceding the obstacle encounter, suggesting increased anticipatory preparation. (See Figure 8—source data 1 for statistical results on ankle angle at the time of foot contact).

Figure 8—source data 1. ANOVA results for ankle angle at time of foot contact.
F-statistics, p-values and posthoc pairwise comparisons for linear mixed effect model ANOVA with fixed effects of treatment cohort (treatment: intact, reinnervated) and stride category (stride ID) and the interaction treatment x stride ID. Posthoc pairwise mean differences (mean ±95% ci) are shown between intact and reinnervated treatment cohorts (left), and between obstacle stride categories compared to level stride means, within treatment cohorts (intact/reinnervated).