Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Jul 3;10:10970. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67616-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

(A) Tandem mass spectroscopy analysis of extracted membrane lipids showing effective separation of membrane lipids based on hydrophobicity with the different elution time points. Extracted dual species bacterial organism’s membrane lipids with dotted lines indicated the change in gradient and concentration as QAS percentage was increased to 2% with typical elution time for membrane phospholipids of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus biofilm. (B) Tandem mass spectroscopy scan showing different ion modes indicating fragmentation of this species to yield different fatty acyl chains in 1% QAS molecules. (C) Time–kill curves of dual specie biofilms treated with different concentrations of antimicrobials. The surviving bacteria were plated at various time points (0–300 min). Both 1% QAS and 2% QAS were able to retard growth for 300 min even after washing during the time-kill assay. After 1 min of QAS treatment, bacterial cells were reduced and showed less survivability. (D) Confocal intensity of area of biofilm in 1% QAS specimens under consideration with excitation performed at λ = 514 nM; QAS quaternary ammonium silane, CHX chlorhexidine, BF biofilm, cps count per second.