Fig. 1. T_H17 derived IL-10 contributes to intestinal homeostasis.

a Tissue distribution of the indicated cell populations within the intestine. Cells were isolated from indicated intestinal tracts of the Fate⁺ mice. All cell populations are pre-gated on Foxp3⁻, YFP⁺, CD4⁺ T cells and then described as T_R1^exTH17 (IL-10^eGFP+ IL17A^Kata−), IL-10⁺ T_H17 (IL-10^eGFP+ IL17A^Kata+) and T_H17 (IL-10^eGFP– IL17A^Kata+) cells on the basis of the reporter molecules. Cell numbers from three cumulative experiments are used to calculate mean percentage values of the indicated cell populations in different intestinal compartments. b Heatmap showing normalized mRNA expression value (Z-score) of different cytokines/chemokines in small intestinal tissues. c. Flow cytometric analysis of small intestinal CD4⁺ T cells isolated from the indicated mouse lines under steady state. Intracellular staining for both IL-17A and IFN-γ was then performed to identify T_H17 (IL-17A⁺ IFN-γ⁻), T_H1/T_H17 (IL-17A⁺ IFN-γ⁺) and T_H1 (IL-17A⁻ IFN-γ⁺) cells. A pre-gate on CD4⁺ T cells is applied. d, e Statistical analysis of frequencies (d) and numbers (e) are reported. One representative experiment out of three is shown. Each dot represents one mouse (n_{wild type} = 4, n_KO = 4). Mean ± S.D.; ns, not significant; *P < 0.05 by Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source data file.