TABLE II.
Neovascularization |
Cellular Infiltration |
Collagen Deposition |
Fibroblast Proliferation |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 weeks | 2 months | 5 months | 2 weeks | 2 months | 5 months | 2 weeks | 2 months | 5 months | 2 weeks | 2 months | 5 months | |
EDC/NHS | 1.25 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 2 ± 0 | 4 ± 0 | 3.75 ± 0.4 | 4 ± 0 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 2 ± 1* | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 2 ± 1 |
Genipin | 2.75 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 2.33 ± 0.5 | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 0.4 | 4 ± 0 | 2 ± 0 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.5* | 2 ± 0 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.5 |
Prolene | 1 ±0 | 0.6 ± 0.8 | 2 ± 0 | 1 ± 0 | 1 ±0.6 | 4 ± 0 | 3.67 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.45 | 3.75 ± 0.5* | 3.67 ± 0.47 | 2.2 ±0.4 | 2.75 ± 0.82 |
Xenmatrix | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
Mann-Whitney pair-wise tests for new collagen deposition scores run between Prolene and GCC and Prolene and ECC meshes showed no significant differences.
Parameters were defined as follows: neovascularization: indicated by the presence and outgrowth of capillary buds and sprouts; cellular infiltration: indicated by the density of nuclei within the bulk of the scaffold material; new collagen deposition: indicated by cellularized area with quasi aligned collagen fibers conforming to the direction of the mesh material; fibroblast proliferation: indicated by the density of fibroblasts within the bulk of the mesh material.
Scoring for tissue integration parameters reported as the mean ± SD at 2 weeks, 2 months and 5 months. Scores were given on a scale from 0 to 4; 0 = no presence of tissue integration characteristic, 1 = minimal presence, 2 = mild presence, 3 = moderate presence and 4 = extensive presence. Parameters were measured within mesh materials. N = 5 slides were scored in total for each parameter for each mesh type at each time point, or 1 slide per explanted sample from each animal at each time point.