Table 1.

Characteristics of the study participants according to gender

Variables	Men (n = 441)	Women (n = 217)	P Value
Age, year	64.6 ± 11.2	68.5 ± 10.7	< 0.001
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	152.8 ± 23.8	154.1 ± 26.0	0.522
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	88.7 ± 16.0	84.7 ± 14.6	0.002
Hypertension, n (%)	311 (70.5)	165 (76.0)	0.137
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	144 (32.7)	74 (34.1)	0.711
Current smoking, n (%)	251 (56.9)	4 (1.8)	< 0.001
Previous stroke, n (%)	131 (29.7)	56 (25.8)	0.297
Coronary heart disease, n (%)	51 (11.6)	29 (13.4)	0.507
Number of ICAS lesions	0 (0–1)	0 (0–1)	0.771
NCAS	238 (54.0)	128 (59.0)	0.223
Isolated ICAS	115 (26.1)	67 (30.9)	0.196
Isolated ECAS	38 (8.6)	8 (3.7)	0.020
ICAS and ECAS	50 (11.3)	14 (6.5)	0.047
TC, mmol/L	4.35 ± 1.06	4.67 ± 1.10	< 0.001
TG, mmol/L	1.66 ± 1.23	1.62 ± 1.01	0.664
HDL-C, mmol/L	1.09 (0.94–1.24)	1.26 (1.09–1.51)	< 0.001
LDL-C, mmol/L	2.82 ± 0.91	2.97 ± 0.99	0.061
Non-HDL-C, mmol/L	3.16 (2.48–3.90)	3.21 (2.53–3.96)	0.384
RC, mmol/L	0.42 ± 0.40	0.37 ± 0.35	0.121
Apo A-I, g/L	1.22 ± 0.35	1.40 ± 0.27	< 0.001
Apo B, g/L	0.99 ± 0.53	0.96 ± 0.29	0.520
Lipid Ratio
TC/HDL-C	4.12 ± 1.37	3.74 ± 1.22	0.001
TG/HDL-C	1.71 ± 1.77	1.45 ± 1.67	0.069
LDL-C/HDL-C	2.68 ± 1.06	2.39 ± 0.94	0.001
RC/HDL-C	0.44 ± 0.53	0.35 ± 0.55	0.036
Non- HDL-C/HDL-C	3.12 ± 1.37	2.73 ± 1.22	0.001
Apo B/HDL-C	2.25 (1.65–2.91)	1.87 (1.44–2.48)	< 0.001
Apo B/apo A-I	0.78 (0.60–0.98)	0.69 (0.53–0.86)	< 0.001

ICAS intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, ECAS extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, NCAS no cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, RC remnant cholesterol, Non-HDL-C non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo B apolipoprotein B, Apo A-I apolipoprotein A-I

Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median with interquartile range or n (%)