Table 2.
Surgery Classification of the Patients
| Surgery | Control (n=465), n (%) | GIK (n=465), n (%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Valve surgery* | 240 (51.6) | 243 (52.3) | 0.844 |
| AVR with or without CABG | 56 (12.0) | 58 (12.5) | 0.842 |
| BENTALL | 10 (2.2) | 9 (1.9) | 0.817 |
| DVR | 60 (12.9) | 69 (14.8) | 0.393 |
| AVR +TVP | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.250 |
| DVR +TVP | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | >0.999 |
| MVR | 93 (20.0) | 85 (18.3) | 0.505 |
| MVR+TVP | 14 (3.0) | 15 (3.2) | 0.850 |
| TVR | 3 (0.6) | 5 (1.1) | 0.732 |
| Congenital | 174 (37.4) | 174 (37.4) | >0.999 |
| Noncyanotic heart disease | 156 (33.5) | 159 (34.2) | 0.835 |
| Atrial septal repair† | 56 (12.0) | 52 (11.2) | 0.682 |
| Ventricular septal repair‡ | 100 (21.5) | 107 (23.0) | 0.581 |
| Cyanotic heart disease | 18 (3.9) | 15 (3.2) | 0.595 |
| Tetralogy of Fallot repair | 8 (1.7) | 7 (1.5) | 0.795 |
| TAPVC/PAPVC repair | 10 (2.2) | 8 (1.7) | 0.634 |
| CABG | 34 (7.3) | 33 (7.1) | 0.899 |
| Resection of cardiac myxoma | 17 (3.7) | 15 (3.2) | 0.719 |
AVR indicates aortic valvular replacement; BENTALL, aortic valvular replacement with root of the ascending aorta replacement; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; DVR, double valvular replacement; GIK, glucose‐insulin‐potassium; MVR, mitral valvular replacement/repair; TAPVC/PAPVC, total/partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection; TVP, tricuspid valve repair; TVR, tricuspid valve replacement.
Valve surgery indicates valvular replacement or repair due to congenital, rheumatic, or infective valvular diseases.
Atrial septal repair indicates atrial septal repair with or without patent ductus arteriosus and partial endocardial cushion defect.
Ventricular septal repair includes ventricular septal repair with or without atrial septal repair, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary stenosis, and rupture aneurysm of aortic sinus.