Table 1.

Literature Review of Coronary Physiology Before vs After Treatment of Severe Aortic Stenosis

Author	N	Baseline	Immediate	P Value	Long‐Term	P Value	Time	Treatment	Method
Resting perfusion (mL/min per g) or Doppler velocity (cm/s)
Nemes5	21	62.2			40.1	<0.01†	15 mo	SAVR	Echo Doppler (diastolic)
Hildick‐Smith6	27	43			41	NS	6 mo	SAVR	Echo Doppler (diastolic)
Carpeggiani7	8	1.01			0.92	>0.05	12 mo	SAVR	PET
Rajappan8	22	1.08			1.01	0.27	12 mo	SAVR	PET
Camugila9	8	22	20	NS	18	NS	12 mo	TAVI	Wire Doppler
Vendrik1	13	19.98	19.7	NS	21.44	0.397	6 mo	TAVI	Wire Doppler
Wiegerinck10	27	24.4	25.5	0.401				TAVI	Wire Doppler
Ahmad11	30	22.13	24.84	0.1				TAVI	Wire Doppler
Instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR)
Vendrik1	13	0.82	0.83	NS	0.83	0.735	6 mo	TAVI
Ahmad11	30	0.88	0.88	0.94				TAVI
Scarsini12	145	0.89	0.89	0.66				TAVI
Hyperemic perfusion (mL/min per g) or Doppler velocity (cm/s) or mean transit time (s)
Nemes5	21	117			91.5	<0.05†	15 mo	SAVR	Echo Doppler (diastolic)
Hildick‐Smith6	27	71			108	<0.01*	6 mo	SAVR	Echo Doppler (diastolic)
Carpeggiani7	8	1.68			1.46	NS	12 mo	SAVR	PET
Rajappan8	22	2.17			2.27	0.61	12 mo	SAVR	PET
Camugila9	8	34	29	NS	39	NS	12 mo	TAVI	Wire Doppler
Vendrik1	13	26.36	30.78	<0.001*	40.2	<0.001*	6 mo	TAVI	Wire Doppler
Wiegerinck10	27	44.5	51.1	0.027*				TAVI	Wire Doppler
Ahmad11	30	33.44	40.33	0.004*				TAVI	Wire Doppler
Stoller13	40	0.44	0.48	0.53				TAVI	Wire thermo
CFR
Nemes5	21	1.96			2.37	<0.05*	15 mo	SAVR	Echo Doppler (diastolic)
Hildick‐Smith6	27	1.76			2.61	<0.01*	6 mo	SAVR	Echo Doppler (diastolic)
Carpeggiani7	8	1.68			1.58	NS	12 mo	SAVR	PET
Rajappan8	22	2.02			2.28	0.17	12 mo	SAVR	PET
Camugila9	8	1.53	1.58	0.41	2.18	<0.01*	12 mo	TAVI	Wire Doppler
Vendrik1	13	1.28	1.65	<0.001*	1.94	<0.001*	6 mo	TAVI	Wire Doppler
Wiegerinck10	27	1.9	2.1	0.113				TAVI	Wire Doppler
Stoller13	40	1.9	2	0.72				TAVI	Wire thermo
FFR
Stundl14	13	0.77			0.76	0.11	2 mo	TAVI
Vendrik1	13	0.85	0.79	<0.001*	0.71	<0.001*	6 mo	TAVI
Ahmad11	30	0.87	0.85	0.0008*				TAVI
Stoller13	40	0.9	0.93	0.0021†				TAVI
Pesarini15	133	0.89	0.89	0.73				TAVI

*P values statistically significant and supportive of the hypothesis that treating aortic stenosis does not change resting flow but increases hyperemic flow and associated metrics.

^†Statistically significant but against this hypothesis.

CFR indicates coronary flow reserve; FFR, fractional flow reserve; iFR, instantaneous wave‐free ratio; NS, not significant (actual P value not reported); PET, positron emission tomography; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation; thermo, bolus thermodilution.