Table 1. Demographic and clinical information of participants enrolled (n = 415).
| Characteristics | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| Median age, years (IQR) | 80 (74 - 85) | |
| Gender, male, no (%) | 197 (47.5) | |
| Charlson's comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 3 (2 - 4) | |
| Age-adjusted Charlson's comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 6 (5 - 8) | |
| Comorbidities, no (%) | ||
| Hypertension | 295 (71.1) | |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 105 (25.3) | |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 302 (72.8) | |
| Chronic lung diseases | 42 (10.1) | |
| Connective tissue diseases | 7 (1.7) | |
| Liver diseases | 23 (5.5) | |
| Chronic kidney diseases | 24 (5.8) | |
| End-stage renal disease on hemodialysis | 14 (3.4) | |
| Diabetes | 149 (35.9) | |
| HbA1c, mean ± SD | 6.5 ± 1.1 | |
| Solid tumors (any stages) | 79 (19.0) | |
| Hematologic diseases | 16 (3.9) | |
| Pressure sore, no (%) | 81 (19.5) | |
| ECOG performance status, no (%) | ||
| 2 | 25 (6.0) | |
| 3 | 190 (45.8) | |
| 4 (bed-ridden) | 200 (48.2) | |
| Length of stay at LTCFs at the time of admissiona, no (%) | ||
| <1 month | 90 (23.2) | |
| ≥1 month and <1 year | 143 (36.9) | |
| ≥1 year | 155 (39.9) | |
| Surgery within one year, no (%) | 43 (10.4) | |
| Previous colonization of MDROs within one year, no (%) | 88 (21.2) | |
| History of exposure to antibiotics, no (%) | ||
| <1 month | 111 (26.7) | |
| ≥1 month and <3 months | 35 (8.4) | |
| Duration of antibiotic therapy, no (%) | ||
| <2 weeks | 84 (20.3) | |
| ≥2 weeks | 62 (15.0) | |
| Prior admission at ICU within one year, no (%) | 69 (16.6) | |
| Indwelling one or more medical devices, no (%) | 147 (35.4) | |
| Urinary catheters (including Foley, percutaneous nephrostomy, double-J catheters) | 93 (63.3) | |
| Feeding tubes (including nasogastric, percutaneous gastrostomy tubes) | 57 (38.7) | |
| Central venous catheters (including PICC and chemoport) | 16 (10.9) | |
| Endotracheal tubes | 21 (14.3) | |
| Biliary stents or catheter | 7 (4.8) | |
| Othersb | 3 (2.0) | |
| Infectious condition, no (%) | 233 (56.1) | |
| Infection site, no (%) | ||
| Lung | 96 (41.2) | |
| Urinary tract | 88 (37.8) | |
| Hepatobiliary tract | 18 (7.7) | |
| Gastro-intestine | 23 (9.9) | |
| Othersc | 8 (3.4) | |
| Locations of LTCFs, no (%) | ||
| Daejeon Metropolitan City | 218 (52.5) | |
| Nonsan-Si | 103 (24.8) | |
| Gongju-Si | 57 (13.7) | |
| Buyeo-Gun | 12 (2.9) | |
| Othersd | 25 (6.0) | |
aitem was missing from 27 patients.
bintracardiac device (2), thoracic tube (1)
cgynecologic tract (1), bone, joint and soft tissue (5), catheter-related (2).
dCheonan-Si (1), Cheongyang-Gun (1), Geumsan-Gun (3), Gunsan-Si (1), Gyeryong-Si (6), Hongseong-Gun (2), Muju-Gun (1), Okcheon-Gun (1), Seocheon-Gun (1), Seosan-Si (1), Taean-Gun (1), Wanju-Gun (1), Yeongi-Gun (2), Yeongdong-Gun (3).
IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; LTCFs, long-term care facilities; MDROs, multidrug-resistant organisms; ICU, intensive care unit; PICC; peripherally inserted central catheter.