Table 5.
Effects of Anesthesia on Recorded Phantom Limb Pain according to Amputation Site
| Amputation site | Anesthesia | Total patients | Event patients | Sum of person-years | IR | 95% CI | RR | 95% CI | P value | Adjusted RR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thigh | Total | 501 | 80 (16.0) | 428.0 | 18.69 | 14.82–23.26 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GA | 338 | 57 (16.9) | 287.5 | 19.82 | 15.01–25.68 | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | |
| NA | 160 | 23 (14.4) | 137.5 | 16.73 | 10.60–25.10 | 0.85 | 0.52–1.38 | 0.509 | 0.90 | 0.55–1.46 | 0.658 | |
| PNB | 3 | 0 (0.0) | 3.0 | 0.00 | - | NE | - | - | NE | - | - | |
| Upper arm, forearm, lower leg, hand, foot, finger, toe | Total | 7,112 | 282 (4.0) | 6,497.5 | 8.06 | 7.15–9.06 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| GA | 2,654 | 134 (5.0) | 2,418.4 | 5.54 | 4.64–6.56 | 1.00 | - | - | 1.00 | - | - | |
| NA | 2,680 | 98 (3.7) | 2,414.5 | 4.06 | 3.30–4.95 | 0.73 | 0.56–0.94 | 0.017 | 0.76 | 0.57–0.99 | 0.040 | |
| PNB | 1,778 | 50 (3.8) | 1,664.6 | 3.00 | 2.23–3.96 | 0.55 | 0.40–0.76 | < 0.001 | 0.54 | 0.39–0.75 | < 0.001 |
Values are presented as number (proportion) or mean. IR expressed as 100 person-years, and 95% CI were assuming an exact Poisson distribution. Adjusted for age and sex.
IR: incidence rate, IR: incidence rate, RR: relative risk, -: not available, GA: general anesthesia, NA: neuraxial anesthesia, PNB: peripheral nerve block, NE: not estimated.