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. 2020 Jul 6;20:1065. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09168-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Flowchart of active and passive surveillance recruitment methods. Epidemiological information on dengue cases was obtained from an active surveillance (AS) research study and passive surveillance (PS) operated by the Ministry of Health in the dengue-endemic city of Machala, Ecuador, in 2014 and 2015. The diagram indicates the process by which data were obtained, the inclusion criteria, and duplicates from systems (n = 9) that were excluded