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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2020 May 12;141:105797. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105797

Table 1.

Summary of external exposome measures.

Category Data source Time Spatial scale Temporal scale Spatial linkage Temporal linkagea Number of measures Number of variablesb
Natural environment
Air toxicant National Air Toxic Assessment, EPA 2005, 2011, 2014 (2010, 2012–2013 interpolated) Census tract 1-year 250m buffer T12 89 87
Fine particulate matter and ozone Fused Air Quality Surface using Downscaling, EPA 2010–2014 Census tract 1-day 250m buffer T1, T2, T12 2 6
Meteorology North American Regional Reanalysis, National Centers for Environmental Prediction 2010–2014 Raster 32km 1-day 250m buffer T1, T2, T12 257 410
Built environment
Food access Food Access Research Atlas, USDA 2010, 2015 (2011–2014 interpolated) Census tract 1-year 250m buffer T12 44 42
Greenness Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NASA’s TERRA/MODIS 2010–2014 Raster 250m 16-day 250m buffer T1, T2, T12 1 3
Walkability WalkScore 2010–2014 Raster 0.0015 degree in lon/lat Cross-sectional 250m buffer T12 1 1
Social environment
Address vacancy Aggregated USPS Administrative Data on Address Vacancies, HUD 2010–2014 Census tract 3-month 250m buffer T1, T2, T12 122 289
Crime and safety Uniform Crime Reporting Program, FBI 2010–2014 County 1-year 250m buffer T12 7 7
Social capital Census Business Pattern 2010–2014 ZCTA5 1-year 250m buffer T12 10 9
Sociodemographic status and housing American Community Survey 2006–2015 Census block group 5-year 250m buffer T12 4,930 4,930
a

T1: trimester 1; T2: trimester 2; T12: trimesters 1 and 2.

b

Number of variables after accounting for the different temporal linkages and removal of perfectly correlated variables (absolute value of correlation coefficient > 0.99).