Table 2.
Poisson regression models evaluating the association of homicide rates, civil commitment statute characteristics, mental health system characteristics, state firearm control provisions, and structural covariates
| Model criterion: 2004 Homicide Rate Parameters: |
Model C |
Model D |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | Standard error | Hypothesis test |
b | Standard error | Hypothesis test |
|||||
| Wald χ2 | df | Sig. | Wald χ2 | df | Sig. | |||||
| Breadth of behavioral inpatient civil commitment criteria: broader criterion = 2; dangerousness criterion = 1 | −0.27 | 0.11 | 5.99 | 1 | 0.014 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Interaction of breadth of behavioral inpatient civil commitment criteria with breath of outpatient commitment criterion: broader criterion = 2; dangerousness criterion = 1 | – | – | – | – | – | −0.33 | 0.084 | 17.63 | 1 | 0.000 |
| Inpatient additions per 100,000 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.98 | 1 | 0.159 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 5.23 | 1 | 0.022 |
| Percent of state hospital beds occupied at end of 2004 by patients staying longer than 90 days | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.94 | 1 | 0.333 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.23 | 1 | 0.631 |
| Duration of initial outpatient commitment order in days | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.64 | 1 | 0.200 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 1.61 | 1 | 0.205 |
| IOC frequency of use in 2004 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.43 | 1 | 0.513 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 1.59 | 1 | 0.207 |
| IOC stringency compared with inpatient criterion | −0.03 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 1 | 0.763 | −0.06 | 0.07 | 0.72 | 1 | 0.397 |
| Global state mental health service grades 2005 | −0.06 | 0.03 | 4.20 | 1 | 0.040 | −0.07 | 0.02 | 11.20 | 1 | 0.001 |
| Psychiatric inpatient bed access | −0.20 | 0.09 | 4.83 | 1 | 0.028 | −0.32 | 0.08 | 16.84 | 1 | 0.000 |
| Firearm law restrictiveness | −0.09 | 0.08 | 1.18 | 1 | 0.277 | −0.12 | 0.063 | 3.44 | 1 | 0.064 |
| Predicted homicide rate from structural covariates | 0.18 | 0.03 | 25.79 | 1 | 0.000 | 0.18 | 0.027 | 44.25 | 1 | 0.000 |
Omnibus tests compare the fitted model against the intercept-only model
Model C likelihood ratio χ2 = 108.47; df = 10; p = 0.000, Model D likelihood ratio χ2 = 122.90; df = 10; p = 0.000