Table 1.

Influence of APOE genotype on the efficacy of lifestyle-based interventions in relation to Alzheimer’s disease

Study design	Lifestyle intervention	Interpretation	Reference
Prospective study	Physical activity	Physical activity attenuated the effects of genetic risk on episodic memory in individuals free of dementia at baseline	101
Prospective study	Dietary antioxidant intake (vitamin E)	Adequate dietary intake of vitamin E may reduce Alzheimer’s disease risk in APOE ε-4 allele noncarriers in individuals free of dementia at baseline	102
Prospective study	Fish high in omega 3 fatty acids more than two times per week	Regular consumption of foods rich in omega 3 fatty acids reduces Alzheimer’s disease risk in APOE ε-4 allele noncarriers	103
Randomized control trial	Omega 3 fatty acid (docosahexaenoic acid) supplementation	No effect on clinical outcomes in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease	104
Prospective cohort study	Dietary antioxidant intake	Higher dietary antioxidant intake decreases risk of Alzheimer’s disease irrespective of APOE genotype	105

Abbreviation: APOE, apolipoprotein E.