Table 3.

Differential diagnoses for Encephalitozoon cuniculi in pet rabbits

Clinical presentation	Infectious differentials	Noninfectious differentials
CNS impairment	Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Listeria moncytogenesUncommon: Human Herpesvirus-1, Toxoplasma gondii, rabies, and Baylisascaris procyonis	Lymphosarcoma, lead toxicity, hydrocephalus, cerebral infarcts, spinal infarcts, vertebral scoliosis, and vertebral fractures
Central vestibular disease	Bacterial, viral, protozoal, and verminous meningioencephalitis, Enterotoxemia, sepsis	Lead toxicity, metastatic neoplasia, osteomyelitis of the petrous temporal bone, cerebral infarcts, and hepatic encephalopathy
Ocular disease	Bacterial uveitis(unilateral disease is uncommon)	Lens-induced uveitis caused by geriatric cataract formation

Abbreviation: CNS, central nervous system.