Table 6.
Summary of pathology-related changes in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation-based measures of neurophysiology
| Repetitive TMS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 Hz | >1 Hz | cTBS | iTBS | PASLTP | |
| PD | PMd: ↑ SICI54 | H0197 | H0199 | H0200 | H0 MEP201–203 |
| SD: ↑ CSP57 | PMd: H0106 | H0 CSP201 | |||
| SD: ↑ SICI57 | SD: ↑ CSP52 | ↑MEP201,202,204 | |||
| MD: ↑ CSP196 | SD: ↑ CSP57 | ↓ CSP204 | |||
| SD: ↑ ICF57 | ↓ SICI203 | ||||
| MD: ↑ CSP74,198 | ↓ ICF203 | ||||
| MD: ↑ SICI74 | |||||
| MD: ↑ MT74 | |||||
| HD | H0 MEPs213 | ↓205 | ↓206 | ||
| ↑ CSP213 | |||||
| ALS | |||||
| MS | ↓ H/M207 | ||||
Abbreviations: TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation; cTBS, continuous theta burst stimulation; iTBS, intermittent theta burst stimulation; PASLTp, paired associative stimulation, long-term potentiation induced; MEP, motor-evoked potential; CSP, cortical silent period; H0, null result; SICI, short-interval intracortical inhibition; ICF, intracortical facilitation; MT, motor threshold; PMd, dorsal premotor cortex; SD, single-day; MD, multi-day; H/M, Hoffman-reflex/M-wave; H0, null result; ↑, increased response compared with controls; ↓, decreased response compared with controls; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; PD, Parkinson’s disease; MS, multiple sclerosis; HD, Huntington’s disease.