Figure 3.

Looping frequency for single bp changes introduced at various positions of the reference 12RSS. Loop frequency with 95% confidence interval of the distribution of possible looping frequencies from 10⁶ bootstrap replicates. The dotted black line is set at the reference loop frequency, 0.22, with shaded area denoting the extent of the 95% confidence interval for the reference. Alternating vertical stripe colors and the reference sequence written along the x-axis demarcate the position where the change was made and the original nucleotide. The introduced nucleotide is provided in the figure with the letter and color-coded (red for A, green for C, light blue for T and purple for G). Heptamer, spacer and nonamer regions are also separated by vertical lines in the sequences. Asterisks at the top of certain positions are color-coded to specify the nucleotide whose resultant looping frequency differs from the reference sequence with p-value ≤ 0.05. All p-values for each 12RSS used are reported in Supplementary Figure S5.