Table 1.

General characteristics of study subjects according to change of smoking status

Variables	Total	Change of smoking status								P value
		Current smokers		Short-term quitters		Long-term quitters		Never smokers
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Total	13 377	4609	34.5	2199	16.4	1896	14.2	4673	34.9
Age (years)	56.4±9.1	54.4	8.5	57.0	9.0	56.6	9.3	58.1	9.3	<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)										<0.001
≤18.5	244	130	2.8	24	1.1	24	1.3	66	1.4
18.5–23	3842	1523	33.0	588	26.7	464	24.5	1267	27.1
23–25	3781	1263	27.4	611	27.8	558	29.4	1349	28.9
25–30	5085	1548	33.6	906	41.2	783	41.3	1848	39.5
≥30	425	145	3.1	70	3.2	67	3.5	143	3.1
BP (mm Hg)
Systolic	130.1±16.1	129.1	16.0	130.0	16.1	130.4	15.3	131.0	16.5	<0.001
Diastolic	81.2±10.5	80.8	10.5	81.0	10.6	81.5	10.2	81.4	10.6	0.016
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	111.0±33.6	111.2	35.3	111.7	38.1	110.7	29.4	110.6	31.2	0.544
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	196.3±37.5	197.4	37.6	197.2	38.3	197.0	36.4	194.6	37.5	0.001
Family history of diabetes	1014	372	8.1	158	7.2	168	8.9	316	6.8	0.014
Heavy drinking	1121	588	12.8	164	7.5	136	7.2	233	5.0	<0.001
Exercise	7547	2574	55.8	1157	52.6	1198	63.2	2618	56.0	<0.001
Household income										<0.001
Low	3598	1354	29.4	572	26.0	399	21.0	1273	27.2
Middle	5173	1883	40.9	856	38.9	699	36.9	1735	37.1
High	4606	1372	29.8	771	35.1	798	42.1	1665	35.6
Residential area										<0.001
Metropolitan	2068	619	13.4	362	16.5	320	16.9	767	16.4
Urban	3963	1481	32.1	596	27.1	541	28.5	1345	28.8
Rural	7346	2509	54.4	1241	56.4	1035	54.6	2561	54.8
Comorbidities
Hypertension	6032	1720	37.3	1038	47.2	915	48.3	2359	50.5	<0.001
Renal failure	198	46	1.0	40	1.8	32	1.7	80	1.7	0.010
Stroke	636	158	3.4	104	4.7	107	5.6	267	5.7	<0.001
Ischemic heart disease	2019	561	12.2	352	16.0	335	17.7	771	16.5	<0.001
Cancer	1060	284	6.2	200	9.1	162	8.5	414	8.9	<0.001

Values are presented as mean±SD or n (%).

BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure.