Table 1.

Semantic categories used by COVID-19 TestNorm

LOINC Axes	Fine Entity Types	Example Values
Component	Covid19	“COVID-19,” “SARS-COV-2”
	Covid19_Related	“SARS-related CoV,” “SARS-like CoV”
	RNA_Comp	“RNA,” “N gene,” “RdRp gene”
	Sequence_Comp	“Whole genome”
	Antigen_Comp	“Ag,” “Antigen”
	Growth_Comp	“Organism”
	Antibody_Comp	“Ab,” “Antibody,” “IgM,” “IgG”
	Interpretation_Comp	“Interpretation,” “Recent infection”
System	Blood	“Blood,” “Serum,” “Plasma”
	Respiratory	“NARES,” “NASAL MUCUS”
	NP	“NP,” “Swab,” “NASOPHARYNX”
	Saliva	“SALIVA,” “ORAL FLUID”
	Other	“UNSPECIFIED,” “UNKNOWN SPECIMEN”
Method	RNA_Method	“Non-probe-based,” “NAA,” “PCR”
	Sequence_Method	“Sequencing”
	Antigen_Method	“Rapid IA,” “Immunoassay,” “IA”
	Growth_Method	“Organism specific culture”
	Antibody_Method	“Rapid IA,” “Immunoassay,” “IA”
	Panel_Method	“Panel,” “Panl”
Quantitative_Qualitative	Quantitative	“Cycle Threshold,” “viral load”
	Qualitative	“Presence,” “Ord”
Institution	Manufacturer	“Abbott”

COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019.