Standardized solution for mediation model of maternal depressive symptoms, mother-rated child oppositional behavior, and alternative caregiver-rated inhibitory control (IC): χ2 (17, N = 677) = 13.38, p = .711; comparative fit index = 1.0, root mean square error of approximation = 0.00 (0.00, 0.03), standard root mean residual = 0.02. Significant mediation for dashed pathway, mother-rated child oppositional behavior age 2 → caregiver-rated IC age 3 → caregiver-rated IC age 4 → maternal depressive symptoms age 5 (b = 0.29, SE = 0.15, β = 0.01, p = .051). Covariates are child gender, race, intervention group, geographic site, and maternal education level. Correlations not shown. R2s: maternal depressive symptoms age 3 = .23, maternal depressive symptoms age 4 = .36, maternal depressive symptoms age 5 = .43, mother-rated child oppositional behavior age 3 = .25, mother-rated child oppositional behavior age 4 = .48, mother-rated child oppositional behavior age 5 = .47, caregiver-rated IC age 3 = .05, and caregiver-rated IC age 4 = .29. *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.