Table 4.
Predicting factors for death of the COVID-19 in patients with DM, only DM, CVD, and only CVD
| Variable | In patients with DM (all), N = 267 | In patients with CVD, N = 314 | In patients with only CVD, N = 168 | In patients with only DM, N = 138 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR OR (95% CI) | Adjusted† OR (95% CI) | Crude OR OR (95% CI) | Adjusted† OR (95% CI) | Crude OR OR (95% CI) | Adjusted† OR (95% CI) | Crude OR† OR (95% CI) | Addjusted† OR (95% CI) | |
| Age | 1.06 (1.03–1.08)* | – | 1.05 (1.02–1.07)* | 1.22 (1.06–1.41)* | 1.04 (1.01–1.08)* | 1.11 (1.02–1.20)* | 1.04 (1.00–1.07) | |
| Sex (M/F) | 1.17 (0.62–2.20) | – | 1.37 (0.78–2.44) | – | 1.43 (0.64–3.16) | 1.88 (0.72–4.91)# | ||
| Presence of Other comorbidities | 1.26 (0.67–2.34) | – | 0.99 (0.56–1.78) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Laboratory finding | ||||||||
| WBC count, × 109 per L, | 1.54 (1.23–1.92)* | – | 1.35 (1.16–1.58)* | – | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | – | 1.34 (1.03–1.76)* | |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109/L | 0.58 (0.51–0.66)* | 0.81 (0.71–0.93)* | 0.63 (0.56–0.68)* | 0.71 (0.54–0.93)* | 0.62 (0.54–0.71)* | 0.68 (0.56–0.81)* | 0.59 (*0.49–0.71) | 0.74 (0.59–0.94)* |
| Neutrophils, × 109/Ml | 1.21 (1.13–1.29)* | – | 1.28 (1.19–1.37)* | – | 1.47 (1.29–1.67)* | 1.18 (1.09–1.28)* | – | |
| AST, U/L | 1.17 (1.10–1.24)* | – | 1.40 (1.29–1.51)* | 1.15 (0.99–1.37) | 1.48 (1.32–1.66)* | 1.05 (1.00–1.10)# | – | |
| ALT, U/L | 1.03 (0.99–1.05)# | – | 1.33 (1.18–1.49) | 1.32 (1.10–1.60)* | 1.00 (0.99–1.03)# | – | ||
| Albumin, g/L | 0.64 (0.58–0.71)* | – | 0.56 (0.50–0.64) | 0.68 (0.50–0.92)* | 0.61 (0.53–0.70)* | 0.76 (0.53–0.86)* | 0.75 (0.67–0.83)* | – |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 1.46 (1.23–1.78)* | 12.72 (1.87–86.70)* | 1.03 (0.65–1.61) | – | 1.27 (0.25–6.32) | 2.02 (0.72–5.7)# | – | |
| LDH, U/L | 102 (1.01–1.03)* | – | 1.03 (1.02–1.04)* | – | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03)* | – | |
| CRP | 1.09 (1.07–1.11)* | 1.02 (1.0–1.04) | 1.13 (1.10–1.55) | – | 1.14 (1.09–1.18)* | 1.09 (1.04–1.14)* | 1.08 (1.05–1.11)* | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) |
| Esr, mm/h | 1.04 (1.01–1.06)* | – | 1.05 (1.02–1.08) | – | 1.05 (1.01–1.10)* | 1.02 (0.99–1.05)# | – | |
| Hb, g/dL | 0.54 (0.40–0.75)* | – | 0.39 (0.27–0.57)* | – | 0.28 (0.15–0.52)* | 0.61 (0.42–90)* | – | |
DM (all): DM with or without other comorbidities. “Only DM”: DM without other comorbidities. CVD (all): CVD with or without other comorbidities. “Only CVD”: CVD without other comorbidities. “Any comorbidity”: The presence of any comorbidity
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, CVD cardiovascular diseases, DM diabetes mellitus, IQR inter quartile range, ALT alanine transaminases, AST aspartate transaminases, CRP C-reactive protein, Esr erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Hb Hemoglobin, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, PT prothrombin time, WBC white blood cell
*P-value < 0.05; # P-value < 0.20; † all variables with P < 0.2 in the univariate model were included in multivariate model