Table 2. Pregnancy outcomes according to the early ALT levels.
| Characteristics | Normal (ALT ≤ 95th percentile) (n = 2,199) | Elevated (ALT > 95th percentile) (n = 123) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDM, WHO criteria | 46 (2.1) | 8 (6.5) | < 0.01 |
| GDM, IADPSG criteria | 144 (6.5) | 16 (13.0) | < 0.05 |
| Pregnancy hypertension | 22 (1.0) | 5 (4.1) | < 0.05 |
| Preeclampsia | 21 (1.0) | 5 (4.1) | < 0.05 |
| Gestational age at delivery, wk | 39.3 (38.4–40.2) | 39.3 (38.4–40.2) | NS |
| PTB < 37 wk | 107 (4.8) | 8 (6.3) | NS |
| Fetal birth weight, kg | 3,235 (2,980–3,495) | 3,230 (2,980–3,525) | NS |
| Macrosomia, > 4 kg | 65 (3.0) | 2 (1.6) | NS |
| Low 1-minute AS, < 7 | 57 (2.6) | 7 (5.7) | 0.079 |
| Low 5-minute AS, < 7 | 8 (0.4) | 1 (0.8) | NS |
Data are presented as number (%) or median (interquartile range).
ALT = alanine aminotransferase, GDM = gestational diabetes mellitus, WHO = World Health Organization, IADPSG = International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups, PTB = preterm birth, AS = Apgar score.