Table 2.
Baseline characteristics for bilateral patientsa,b.
| Variable (mean ± SD (N)) | Bilateral first lead | Bilateral second lead | Bilateral first vs second | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STN (67) | GPi (60) | STN vs GPi | STN (84) | GPi (72) | STN vs GPi | STN | GPi | |
| Age | 61.91 ± 8.82 (67) | 63.95 ± 8.56 (60) | p = 0.19 | 62.73 ± 9.53(84) | 64.79 ± 8.37 (72) | p = 0.24 | p = 0.42 | p = 0.57 |
| Age at disease onset | 50.46 ± 9.10 (63) | 50.31 ± 9.54 (49) | p = 0.93 | 50.87 ± 9.63 (77) | 50.42 ± 9.45 (59) | p = 0.78 | p = 0.80 | p = 0.95 |
| Disease duration | 11.11 ± 4.59 (63) | 12.39 ± 4.91(49) | p = 0.19 | 11.83 ± 4.54 (77) | 13.49 ± 5.15 (59) | p = 0.052 | p = 0.27 | p = 0.26 |
| Months between surgeries | – | – | – | 14.75 ± 13.30 (84) | 11.87 ± 11.01 (72) | p = 0.27 | – | – |
| Gender (male no./no.) | 52/67 | 46/60 | p = 0.90 | 65/84 | 43/72 | p = 0.58 | p = 0.97 | p = 0.69 |
| LEDD | 1572 ± 1443 (67) | 1343 ± 733 (60) | p = 0.46 | 1119 ± 756 (84) | 1559 ± 1921 (72) | p < 0.05 | p < 0.01 | p = 0.66 |
| UPDRS-I | 2.95 ± 2.05 (60) | 2.25 ± 1.93 (56) | p = 0.054 | 2.43 ± 1.80 (80) | 2.11 ± 1.81 (69) | p = 0.15 | p = 0.15 | p = 0.71 |
| UPDRS-II | 15.95 ± 5.91 (59) | 16.66 ± 5.54 (56) | p = 0.51 | 13.28 ± 5.52 (79) | 14.36 ± 5.33 (69) | p = 0.23 | p < 0.01 | p < 0.05 |
| UPDRS-III off-med | 41.17 ± 11.91 (58) | 40.71 ± 10.94 (59) | p = 0.83 | 38.54 ± 10.80 (59) | 40.67 ± 10.63 (58) | p = 0.19 | p = 0.15 | p = 0.98 |
| UPDRS-III off-med contralateral tremor | 4.00 ± 2.58 (58) | 3.49 ± 2.41 (59) | p = 0.31 | 3.44 ± 2.48 (59) | 2.66 ± 2.50 (58) | p = 0.07 | p = 0.24 | p < 0.05 |
| UPDRS-III off-med contralateral rigidity | 3.71 ± 1.53 (58) | 3.36 ± 1.48 (59) | p = 0.30 | 3.07 ± 1.40 (59) | 3.84 ± 1.71 (58) | p < 0.05 | p < 0.05 | p = 0.24 |
| UPDRS-III off-med contralateral bradykinesia | 8.05 ± 2.69 (58) | 7.59 ± 2.61 (59) | p = 0.32 | 7.47 ± 2.43 (59) | 8.00 ± 2.82 (58) | p = 0.28 | p = 0.23 | p = 0.46 |
| UPDRS-III off-med PIGD | 4.07 ± 2.38 (58) | 5.44 ± 3.02 (59) | p < 0.05 | 4.00 ± 2.26 (59) | 5.79 ± 3.08 (58) | p < 0.001 | p = 0.84 | p = 0.53 |
| Berg balance scale | 52.58 ± 4.10 (12) | 48.67 ± 6.39 (30) | p < 0.05 | 50.08 ± 7.27 (26) | 49.51 ± 5.15 (39) | p = 0.19 | p = 0.23 | p = 0.79 |
| TUG | 8.54 ± 2.60 (14) | 9.22 ± 4.08 (31) | p = 0.71 | 12.62 ± 15.17 (25) | 9.96 ± 3.87 (45) | p = 0.57 | p = 0.43 | p = 0.15 |
| Dopamine responsivenessc | −39.11 ± 22.31 (57) | −34.45 ± 19.51 (57) | p = 0.08 | −30.99 ± 18.04 (54) | −30.05 ± 17.48 (53) | p = 0.78 | p < 0.01 | p = 0.21 |
| MMSE | 29.05 ± 0.97 (21) | 27.75 ± 3.82 (20) | p = 0.50 | – | – | – | – | – |
| SWAL-QOL | 85.80 ± 9.58 (10) | 86.74 ± 7.62 (17) | p = 0.79 | 88.86 ± 10.86 (14) | 83.95 ± 10.21 (21) | p = 0.08 | p = 0.34 | p = 0.60 |
| Anxiety | 12.00 ± 8.09 (23) | 13.25 ± 9.05 (12) | p = 0.98 | 12.29 ± 8.05 (66) | 15.00 ± 9.41 (54) | p = 0.12 | p = 0.58 | p = 0.59 |
| Depression | 10.79 ± 6.46 (14) | 8.00 ± 6.91 (36) | p = 0.44 | 7.79 ± 6.19 (34) | 8.41 ± 6.57 (56) | p = 0.64 | p = 0.10 | p = 0.45 |
| Total PDQ | 31.72 ± 14.87 (67) | 32.79 ± 14.68 (60) | p = 0.69 | 23.70 ± 12.51 (84) | 25.87 ± 11.97 (72) | p = 0.18 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.01 |
| Mobility | 40.82 ± 26.76 (67) | 49.12 ± 25.58 (60) | p = 0.06 | 34.00 ± 24.14 (84) | 39.70 ± 21.12 (72) | p = 0.08 | p = 0.13 | p < 0.05 |
| ADL | 43.66 ± 23.66 (67) | 41.60 ± 23.01 (60) | p = 0.64 | 29.94 ± 18.59 (84) | 31.80 ± 18.65 (72) | p = 0.47 | p < 0.001 | p < 0.05 |
| Emotional well-being | 30.85 ± 22.41 (67) | 28.02 ± 21.08 (60) | p = 0.52 | 20.41 ± 16.80 (84) | 19.65 ± 16.67 (72) | p = 0.88 | p < 0.01 | p < 0.05 |
| Stigma | 26.26 ± 23.35 (67) | 24.48 ± 22.64 (60) | p = 0.65 | 12.95 ± 14.93 (84) | 19.75 ± 18.56 (72) | p < 0.05 | p < 0.001 | p = 0.33 |
| Social support | 16.48 ± 19.33 (67) | 14.51 ± 19.55 (60) | p = 0.39 | 9.97 ± 14.58 (84) | 11.46 ± 17.28 (72) | p = 0.51 | p < 0.05 | p = 0.34 |
| Cognition | 28.17 ± 17.82 (67) | 27.55 ± 18.44 (60) | p = 0.69 | 22.92 ± 15.48 (84) | 21.40 ± 14.86 (72) | p = 0.53 | p < 0.05 | p = 0.07 |
| Communication | 28.54 ± 18.67 (67) | 29.86 ± 22.01 (60) | p = 0.97 | 24.31 ± 17.85 (84) | 22.86 ± 17.09 (72) | p = 0.65 | p = 0.16 | p = 0.11 |
| Bodily discomfort | 38.99 ± 22.64 (67) | 47.01 ± 21.55 (60) | p < 0.05 | 31.80 ± 22.67 (84) | 39.41 ± 20.73 (72) | p < 0.01 | p < 0.05 | p < 0.05 |
aAll statistics can be found in Supplementary Table 2.
bBold values represent significant differences.
cA negative value indicates more dopamine responsiveness.