TABLE 1.
Examples of preparation and application of the enzyme-MOF composites.
| Method | MOF | Enzyme | Application | References |
| In situ synthesis | ZIFs | Cytochrome c, horseradish peroxidase, lipase, etc. | Bio-sensing | Lyu et al., 2014; Chulkaivalsucharit et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2017 |
| In situ synthesis | ZIF-8, HKUST-1, etc. | Horseradish peroxidase, trypsin, urease, etc. | Proof of concept | Liang et al., 2015b; Liang et al., 2016; Tadepalli et al., 2018 |
| In situ synthesis | ZIFs | Catalase | Bio-sensing | Shieh et al., 2015; Liang et al., 2019 |
| In situ synthesis | ZIF-8 | Lipase, β-galactosidase, glucose oxidase, etc. | Bio-sensing | Hou et al., 2015; Huo et al., 2015; Liang et al., 2015a; Wu et al., 2015a, b; Wang Y. et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2017; Mohammad et al., 2019 |
| In situ synthesis | ZIF-8 | Glucose oxidase, horseradish peroxidase | Proof of concept, bio-catalysis | Cheng et al., 2019 |
| In situ synthesis | ZIF-8 | Lipase | Kinetic resolution of (R, S)-2-octanol | He et al., 2016 |
| In situ synthesis | MIL-88A | Dehydrogenase, horseradish peroxidase, acetylcholinesterase | Proof of concept | Jeong et al., 2015 |
| In situ synthesis | Fe/Cu-MOF | Laccase, lipase, cytochrome c, dehydrogenase, etc. | Bio-catalysis | Gascón et al., 2017a; Li et al., 2017; Gascón et al., 2018; Xia et al., 2019 |
| In situ synthesis | La/Fe/Zr-MOF | Acetylcholinesterase | Bio-sensing | Dong et al., 2018 |
| In situ synthesis | Al/Mg-MOF | β-glucosidase, laccase | Proof of concept | Gascón et al., 2017b |
| Surface immobilization | UiO-66, MIL-53 | Lipase | Warfarin synthesis | Liu et al., 2015 |
| Surface immobilization | HKUST-1 | Lipase | Esterification | Cao Y. et al., 2016 |
| Surface immobilization | Zr-MOF | Laccase | Proof of concept | Pang et al., 2016 |
| Surface immobilization | Cu-MOF, ZIFs | Trypsin, tyrosinase, etc. | Bio-sensing | Ma et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2015; Zhao et al., 2015; Lu et al., 2016 |
| Surface immobilization | MOF-545 | Glucose oxidase | Bio-sensing | Zhong et al., 2020 |
| Surface immobilization | MIL-100, HKUST-1 | Lipase, glucose oxidase, etc. | Bio-catalysis and biosensing | Patra et al., 2015; Nobakht et al., 2018 |
| Surface immobilization | Cu-MOF | Microperoxidase-11 | Bio-catalysis | Pisklak et al., 2006 |
| Surface immobilization | CYCU-4, UiO-66 | Trypsin | BSA digestion | Liu et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2014 |
| Covalent linkage | UiO-66-NH2 | Hydrolase | Asymmetric hydrolysis | Cao S. L. et al., 2016 |
| Covalent linkage | IRMOF-3 | Protein, lipase | Transesterification | Jung et al., 2011 |
| Covalent linkage | MIL-101-NH2 | Hemin | Bio-sensing | Qin et al., 2013 |
| Covalent linkage | MIL-125 | Hemoglobin | Proof of concept | Wang W. et al., 2016 |
| Covalent linkage | ZIF-8, MIL-88B-NH2 | Trypsin | Proteolysis | Shih et al., 2012; Wen et al., 2016 |
| Pore entrapment | Tb-mesoMOF | Myoglobin, microperoxidase-11 | Bio-catalysis | Lykourinou et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2012a |
| Pore entrapment | IRMOF-74, etc. | Myoglobin, protein | Proof of concept | Deng et al., 2012 |
| Pore entrapment | NU-1003, PCN-128y | Anhydrolase | Detoxifying DFP and Soman | Li et al., 2016b, c |
| Pore entrapment | PCN-333 | Microperoxidase-11, cytochrome c, horseradish peroxidase | Bio-catalysis | Feng et al., 2015 |
| Pore entrapment | PCN-888 | Glucose oxidase, horseradish peroxidase | Proof of concept | Lian et al., 2016 |
| Pore entrapment | Tb-TATB | Cytochrome c | Mechanism comprehension | Chen et al., 2012b |