Table 1.
Demographic and cognitive data for the cross-sectional study population.
| CU | LMCI | AD | χ2-approx | ε2 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject characteristics | ||||||
| n | 148 | 147 | 110 | |||
| Age (years) | 73.43 ± 6.29 | 71.98 ± 7.42 | 74.46 ± 8.39 | 7.207 | 0.0178 | 0.0272* |
| Gender (% Male) | 51% | 54% | 60% | 2.236 | 0.00554 | 0.3268 |
| Education (years) | 16.63 ± 2.53 | 16.70 ± 2.45 | 15.61 ± 2.55 | 13.395 | 0.0332 | 0.0012* |
| APOE ε4 carriers (%) | 27% | 57% | 69% | 53.653 | 0.133 | <0.0001* |
| Ethnicity (% Hispanic) | 5.4% | 1.4% | 3.6% | 3.673 | 0.00909 | 0.1594 |
| Race (% White) | 89% | 95% | 92% | 2.799 | 0.00693 | 0.2467 |
| (% Black) | 7% | 3% | 4% | |||
| (% Asian) | 2% | 1% | 4% | |||
| Cognitive data | ||||||
| MMSE | 29.06 ± 1.14 | 27.61 ± 1.82 | 23.14 ± 2.03 | 246.414 | 0.61 | <0.0001* |
| CDRSB | 0.03 ± 0.13 | 1.71 ± 1.00 | 4.60 ± 1.61 | 351.755 | 0.871 | <0.0001* |
| ADAS-cog 13 | 9.08 ± 4.58 | 18.57 ± 7.08 | 30.16 ± 9.70 | 239.827 | 0.594 | <0.0001* |
| ADNI_MEM | 1.06 ± 0.63 | −0.03 ± 0.66 | −0.89 ± 0.54 | 266.260 | 0.63 | <0.0001* |
| ADNI_EF | 0.94 ± 0.81 | 0.16 ± 0.85 | −0.83 ± 0.93 | 161.477 | 0.388 | <0.0001* |
Values are displayed as the mean ± SD. The χ2-approx test statistic is calculated from a Kruskal–Wallis test comparing the groups CU, LMCI, and AD. ε2 is the effect size calculated from a Kruskal–Wallis test. Asterisk (*) next to P-value indicates statistical significance. DF = 2 for all comparisons.
CU, cognitively unimpaired; LMCI, late mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; CDRSB, clinical dementia rating sum of boxes; ADAS-cog, Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale; ADNI_MEM, composite memory score; ADNI_EF, composite executive functioning score.