Table 2.

Classification of different antimicrobial peptides according to their membrane targeting mechanism of action.

Pore-forming models	Example of AMP	Origin
Barrel-Stave	Ceratotoxin Alamethicin Amphotricin B	Ceratitis capitate (Mediterranean fruit fly) Trichoderma viride (fungus) Streptomyces nodosu (bacteria)
Toroidal	Melittin LL-37 Piscidin Pardaxin	Xenopus Laevis (African clawed frog) Homo sapiens Morone Saxtilis (Atlantic striped bass) Pardarchirus marmoratus (Finless sole fish)
Carpet-like	Magainin 2 RL-37 Cecropins Dermaseptins Ovispirin Mastoparan X	Xenopus Laevis (African clawed frog) Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque) Hyalophora cecropia (North American moth) Phyllomedusa spp. (Frogs genus) Ovis aries (Sheep) Vespa xanthoptera (Japanese yellow hornet)

AMP, antimicrobial peptide.